IEC 60598 Ingress Protection of Luminaires

Specific guidelines for luminaires are provided by the IEC 60598 test standard. An electric light source that can run on supply voltages of up to 1,000 volts is called a luminaire. IEC 60598-1 addresses a number of luminaire tests. Only the standard's ingress protection section is covered in this document. Please visit our IEC 60598-1 Testing page for more details about the who standard.


An apparatus that distributes, filters, or otherwise modifies the light emitted by one or more lamps is called a luminaire. All of the components required to support, secure, and safeguard the lamps are included with the luminaire. The circuit auxiliaries and the means of connecting them to the supply are also included in the luminaire. But it doesn't come with the lamps themselves.

Ingress Protection Testing

Testing for ingress protection, or IP Code testing, is mandated by IEC-60598. In this test, the luminaires' ability to keep out dust, solid objects, and moisture is evaluated. The test standard specifies that a luminaire's enclosure must offer the appropriate level of protection against dust, solid objects, and moisture in accordance with the luminaire's classification and IP number.

Please see our rating chart for the IP Code to obtain a comprehensive understanding of it.

It is crucial to remember that the luminaire, along with any lamps, must be turned on and heated to a stable operating temperature at rated voltage prior to the tests for the second characteristic numeral. IPX8 is the only one that isn't. The test water's temperature must be between 15 and 10 degrees Celsius.


Rough service luminaires must have at least IP54 protection against the ingress of solid objects and moisture, according to IEC 60598's ingress protection testing.

IEC 60598 Product Classes

IEC 60598 Class I Luminaire:

Protection from electric shock is provided by Class I luminaires, which go beyond simple insulation. Another safety measure is included with these luminaires. The connecting of conductive parts that are easily accessible takes this precaution into account. This connection is made to the installation's fixed wiring's protective (earthing) conductor. This is finished so that, should the basic insulation fail, accessible conductive parts cannot become live.

IEC 60598 Class II Luminaire:

In addition, a Class II luminaire provides protection against electric shock that goes beyond simple insulation. Double or reinforced insulation, however, is an additional safety precaution for this type of luminaire. Protection against earthing and dependence on installation conditions are not provided.


These luminaires can be identified by their long-lasting, essentially continuous insulating material enclosures. All metal components, with the exception of tiny pieces like nameplates, screws, and rivets, are enclosed by this enclosure. Usually, insulation that is at least as good as reinforced insulation separates these from the living parts. A class II luminaire with insulation encased is what this kind of luminaire is known as.

Another example of a Class II Luminaire is a luminaire having a substantially continuous enclosure of metal. This enclosure is insulated from live parts by insulation at least equivalent to double or reinforced insulation. Such a luminaire is called a metal-encased class II luminaire.

The final type of IEC 60598 Class II Luminaire is a luminaire which is a combination of the previous two types mentioned.

IEC 60598 Class III Luminaire.

An IEC 60598 Class II Luminaire offers protection against electric shock relying on supply at safety extra-low voltage (SELV). These luminaires do not generate voltages higher than those of the SELV level.

Definitions of Luminaires.

Adjustable Luminaires

A luminaire that has joints allowing for movement or rotation is called an adjustable luminaire. Telescopic tubes, raising and lowering mechanisms, and other comparable devices may be used in the movement. A luminaire that can be adjusted can be stationary or mobile.

Basic Luminaires

A basic luminaire is defined as the smallest number of assembled parts that can satisfy the requirements of any of the parts of IEC 60598-2.

Combination Luminaires

The basic luminaire is combined with one or more interchangeable parts to create a combination luminaire. These luminaires can also be adjusted manually or with the aid of tools, and they can be utilized in various configurations with additional components.

Fixed Luminaires

Any luminaire that is difficult to move from one location to another is considered fixed. This restricted movement occurs either because the luminaire is meant to be used out of reach or because the fixing is such that removing it requires a tool. Although fixed luminaires are typically intended to be permanently connected to the power source, this connection can also be made using a plug or other comparable device.

General Purpose Luminaires

A general purpose luminaire is a luminaire which is not designed for a special purpose. Examples of these luminaires include pendants, some spotlights and certain fixed luminaires for surface or recessed mounting.

Portable Luminaires

A portable luminaire is a luminaire which, in normal use, can be moved from one place to another while connected to the supply. These include luminaires for wall mounting provided with a supply cord for connection to a plug. These also include luminaires which may be fixed to their support by means of a wing screw, a clip or a hook so that they can easily be removed from their support by hand.

Recessed Luminaires

A recessed luminaire is intended by the manufacturer to be fully or partly recessed into a mounting surface. The term recessed applies both to luminaires for operation in enclosed cavities and to luminaires for mounting through a surface such as a suspended ceiling.

Special Purpose Luminaires

Examples of special purpose luminaires are those for rough usage, photo and film applications and swimming-pools.

Scope of Testing

To complete the testing, the IEC 60598 test lab must complete a number of tests including:

• Dust ingress tests
• Solid objects ingress tests
• Moisture ingress tests
• Humidity tests
• Insulation resistance tests
• Electric strength tests
• Touch current tests
• Protective conductor current tests
• Electric burn tests
• Creepage distances tests
• Creepage clearances tests
• Endurance tests
• Thermal tests
• Heat resistance tests
• Fire resistance tests
• Tracking resistance tests

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